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SCABIES

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SCABIES scabies Scabies is a contagious skin infestation caused by the human itch mite known as the  Sarcoptes scabiei characterized by intensive itching and rashes.   Female microscopic eight legged mites burrow into upper layer of skin where they live and lay eggs (three or less) per day. The infestation is transmitted from one person to another host through intimate contact (crowded area, poor hygiene, and sexual contact), sharing contaminated clothing, towel and bedding. Sites for outbreak of scabies includes school, hospital, nursing homes, prison and other extended care institution. Effective recommended treatment of scabies involves entire group of people who are at risk of develop scabies in the infected area. SYMPTOMS AND SIGNS OF SCABIES. It takes up to six weeks for signs and symptoms of scabies to manifest for new infected person but for those who had infection before symptoms will appear quickly. The diagnostic symptoms of scabies infestation is due to allergic
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PNEUMONIA: symptoms, causes and classification.

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PNEUMONIA. pneumonia Pneumonia is an infection of lung primarily affect air sacs known as alveoli in one or both lungs, can be caused by microbes includes bacteria, viruses, or fungi. When an individual has pneumonia the air sacs (alveoli) in lungs become filled with microbes, fluid and inflammatory cells and result in difficult in breathing. SYMPTOMS AND SIGNS OF PNEUMONIA. Pneumonia symptoms can be mild to severe illness, and they vary according to etiology, severity and general heath of a person. Early symptoms of pneumonia include: cough with yellow or green mucus sharp or stabbing chest pain fever with shaking or chills shortness of breath excessive sweating cyanosis (bluish discolouration of the lips and nails) weakness (fatigue) confusion pneumonia affect air sac CLASSIFICATION AND CAUSES OF PNEUMONIA Pneumonia can be caused by infection of viruses, bacteria and less common fungi and parasites.  Anyone can get this lung infection. But infants yo
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SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS OF INFLUENZA

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INFLUENZA infuenza Influenza is a contagious respiratory illness caused by infection with influenza viruses that affect both upper and lower respiratory tract that is nose, throat and lungs, characterized by systemic manifestations such as high grade fever, headache, painful muscle and weakness. It cause mild to severe illness, hospitalization and death is usually due to serious complication of influenza. CAUSES OF INFLUENZA influenza viruses Influenza is caused by infection of the respiratory tract with influenza viruses, RNA viruses of the  Orthomyxovirus  genus. Influenza viruses are classified into 3 types: A, B, and C. Only virus types A and B commonly cause illness in humans.  the distribution of these viruses varies from year to year and between geographic areas and time of year   SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS OF INFLUENZA The duration of the symptoms differ from when a person is exposed to flu virus and infected to when symptoms begin is about one (1) to fou
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TETANUS

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TETANUS tetanus Tetanus is a neurological disorder caused by bacteria called  Clostridium tetani , characterized by muscle tone and spasms. Once  the bacteria enters the body, they produce a powerful protein poison (toxin) known as tetanospasmin that causes painful muscle contractions. Tetanus is also called “lockjaw”. It often causes a person’s neck and jaw muscles to lock, making it hard to open the mouth or swallow. CAUSES OF TETANUS Clostridium tetani Tetanus is an infection caused by an anaerobic, motile gram positive rod bacterium called  Clostridium tetani . The organism is everywhere in the environment including soil, in the inanimate area, dust, in animal faces and manure. The bacteria enters the body through puncture / broken skin as spores and then develop into bacteria. Certain breaks in the skin are more likely to get infected with tetanus bacteria. These include: Wounds contaminated with dirt, poop (feces). Wounds caused by an object puncturing the skin
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OVARIAN CYST.

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OVARIAN CYST. ovarian cyst An ovarian cyst is the sac or pouch like structure filled with fluid or semisolid substance that form in an ovary or on its surface. Most ovarian cysts are very common and are benign (not cancer) but in rare cases they are cancerous (malignant), with no signs or symptoms unless they rupture or become bigger and dissolve on their own without treatment. Ovarian cyst can occur at childbearing age or after menopause.  TYPES OF OVARIAN CYSTS Functional ovarian cysts Functional ovarian cysts are the most common type of ovarian cyst with no symptoms, they are usually go away after 6 to 8 weeks. They due to normal menstrual period during ovulation, en-comprise of two types includes:                         1. Follicular cysts The follicular cyst is also called graafian follicle cyst or follicular cyst is a type of functional cyst, and is the most common type of  ovarian cyst . Occurs when ovulation doesn't take place, and a follicle doesn
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Location: Dar es Salaam, Tanzania
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STREP THROAT.

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STREP THROAT. strep throat Strep throat is also known as streptococcal pharyngitis, a contagious bacterial disease caused by infection with  group A Streptococcus  ( group A strep ) , which is characterized by inflammation and swelling of the mucous membranes lining the back of the throat including tonsils. Strep throat is mostly common in children but it affects individual of all ages. It can be easily spread from one person to another through respiratory droplets. It may cause other serious health problems like scarlet fever,  Streptococcal toxic shock syndrome,   rheumatic fever,   kidney inflammation ( post-streptococcal glomerulonephritis ). CAUSES OF STREP THROAT. group A β-hemolytic streptococcus  (GAS)  Likely other sore throats, Strep throat is caused by  group A β-hemolytic streptococcus  (GAS) especially  Streptococcus pyogenes . Most sore throats are caused by viruses. Other bacteria such as  non–group A β-hemolytic streptococci  and  fusobacterium
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LUPUS.

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LUPUS  Lupus rash Lupus is an autoimmune disease in which immune system of the body mistakenly triggers inflammation in different healthy tissues of the body. Autoimmune disease is the conditions occurs from abnormal body’s immune system response to a normal body tissues. This articles will cover mostly systemic lupus erythematosus. TYPES OF LUPUS. Systemic lupus erythematosus  (SLE) is an autoimmune disease in which the body's immune system mistakenly attacks healthy tissue in many parts of the body. It can affect the skin, lungs joints, brain, kidneys, and blood vessels, and can cause serious medical complications such as inflammation and tissue damage in the affected organs which affects different parts of the body including internal organs. SLE is the most common and most serious type of lupus. Acute cutaneous lupus (skin lupus)  is the type of lupus that affects the skin in the form of a rash or lesions. Sunlight exposure is risk factor for this type of
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